Whether your interests lie in the study of discrete structures and related algorithms through combinatorics, or their applications to real world problems, the PhD in Combinatorics and Optimization program seamlessly integrates both.

Research in this department emphasizes six fields: algebraic combinatorics, combinatorial/discrete optimization, continuous optimization, cryptography, graph theory, and quantum computing. 

Unlike other universities, where these subjects would lie in mathematics, computer science or operation research departments, here at Waterloo, we understand the interconnectedness of these fields – you’ll have the chance to use tools and ideas from other areas to further your own work. 

Get solid academic experience with a variety of courses that span the discipline and conduct independent research that generates new knowledge. You’ll be prepared to pursue a career in academia or across industries ranging from finance and banking to national defence and government services, to insurance, software and hardware.